Although bone is strong and relatively flexible, everyday wear and tear causes tiny defects in its structure. Osteoclasts excavate areas of damaged or weakened bone, while osteoblasts fill in the crevices with material that calcifies to form healthy new bone.

In a younger person, estrogen plays an important role in inhibiting osteoclast activity, thereby reducing the percentage of bone that is broken down. As we age, and estrogen levels wane, this inhibiting effect is severely reduced. As a result, more bone is broken down than the osteoblasts are able to replace, leaving the bones brittle and weak. Compounding the problem is the fact that calcium, like many nutrients, is absorbed less effectively as we age.

Supplements that provide a steady supply of phytoestrogens may help inhibit osteoclast activity, and partially restore the balance of loss and repair.

Your Pharmacist Says:
Studies of older adults show that increasing calcium intake can slow bone loss and lower the risk of fracture. Although research suggests that phytoestrogen supplements may help reduce bone loss associated with menopause, it is important that pre and post-menopausal women obtain a minimum 1,500 mg calcium daily, either from the diet, calcium supplements, or a combination of both. A calcium supplement that contains magnesium and vitamin D will help increase absorption. Since bone contains many more minerals than calcium, it is wise to also take a multi-mineral supplement (or multi vitamin and mineral supplement).